Joints

 

The basic mortise and tenon comprises two components: the mortise hole and the tenon. The tenon is cut to fit the mortise hole exactly and usually has shoulders that seat when the joint fully enters the mortise hole. The joint may be glued, pinned, or wedged to lock it in place.

 

 

 

The wooden dowel rod used in woodworking applications is commonly cut into dowel pins, which are used to reinforce joints. Dowel-based joinery typically uses fluted dowel pins. A fluted dowel pin has a series of parallel grooves cut along its length. The fluting provides channels through which excess glue can escape as the dowel is inserted, thereby relieving the hydraulic pressure that might otherwise split the timber when the mating pieces are clamped together.

 

Dovetail joint is a joint most commonly used in woodworking joinery. Noted for its resistance to being pulled apart (tensile strength), the dovetail joint is commonly used to join the sides of a drawer to the front. A series of pins cut to extend from the end of one board interlock with a series of tails cut into the end of another board. The pins and tails have a trapezoidal shape. Once glued, a wooden dovetail joint requires no mechanical fasteners.

A half lap joint or a halving joint is a technique of joining two pieces of material together by overlapping them. A lap may be a full lap or half lap. In a full lap, no material is removed from either of the members to be joined, resulting in a joint which is the combined thickness of the two members.

A finger joint is a joint made by cutting a set of complementary rectangular cuts in two pieces of wood, which are then glued. It is stronger than a butt or lap joint, and often contributes to the aesthetics of the piece. Alternate names include box-pin joint or box joint.

Steam bending

To steam bend wood the wood must have a high moisture content to begin with, hard woods are better to use for bending rarther than soft wood. It is easier to bend wood with the grain as it is less likley to crack and break.


The applied heat and moisture makes the wood pliable enough to easily bend around a mould to create a specific shape. The moulding process is usually done by clamping the strips of wood to a positive form, with the strips of wood often reinforced on the outside with a metal band to prevent blowout. The method has been used in the manufacturing of a diverse range of products.



This is a sime home made steam box

This is a product created by steam bending






Drying of timbers

Air drying refers to the drying of wood from the wind and the sun, wood is stacked on stickers and placed in a mannor that allows wind to blow through it. This is comonly used only for previsional drying befor it is put into a kiln as it is a long prossess which can get very expensive.

kiln drying is when timber is stacked in the same way however it is placed in a chamber where the airflow, temperature and humidity are controlled. the three main types of kiln are conventional, dehumidification and solar. The airflow in the kiln chamber is very important. The velocity of the air over the wood affects the drying rate and provides even drying.